For over a century, the silhouette of a deerstalker hat and the curve of a calabash pipe have symbolized the epitome of deductive reasoning. Sherlock Holmes, the creation of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, is the most portrayed literary human character in film and television history. Among the myriad adaptations, the modern blockbuster iterations—specifically the Guy Ritchie-directed films starring Robert Downey Jr. and the BBC series starring Benedict Cumberbatch—have redefined the detective for the 21st century.